C63 JULY 2001 MEETING SERIES NEW SUBCOMMITTEE FORMED NEW PROJECT INITIATED SUBCOMMITTEE 1 ACTIVITY SUBCOMMITTEE 6 ACTIVITY SUBCOMMITTEE 8 ACTIVITY STATUS OF CISPR A DOCUMENTS C63 OFFICERS’ DIRECTORY
The next C63 meetings will be held on July 16-20, 2001 at the Four Points Sheraton Hotel, 8110 Aero Drive, San Diego, CA 92123. Tel: 858 277 8888, Fax: 858 279 3555.
An attendee fee of $100.00 will be charged to cover meeting expenses. Please send a check payable to USEMC Standards Corporation to Herbert K. Mertel, PO Box 300752, Escondido, CA 92030. Payment by Master Card, VISA or American Express can be made by sending credit card information to Herb via mail or fax to 760 741 5327. Payment is requested by May 10, 2001. (Herb Mertel, tel: 760 741 3301, e-mail hmertel@home.com).
The meeting schedule is:
Monday, 16 July 9 AM to Noon SC-1 Project 1-13.2 OATS>1 GHz 1 PM to 5 PM SC-1 Project 1-15.6 Antenna Calibration Wednesday, 18 July 9 AM to Noon SC-8 Medical EMC 1 PM to 5 PM SC-6 Lab. Accreditation
| 8 AM to Noon | SC-1 Instrumentation & Techniques |
| 1 PM to 5 PM | SC-3 CISPR TAG |
| 5 PM to 7 PM | C63 Steering Committee (invited members |
| only) |
Friday, 20 July 9 AM to Noon C63 Steering Committee (Invited members only) 1 PM to 5 PM USEMCSC BOD (Invited members only)
Herb Mertel, Mertel Associates, was appointed Chair of a reconstituted C63 Subcommittee 5 entitled "Immunity of Electronic Devices". This committee was established in response to a New Work Item Request (PINS--Project Initiation Notification System--in the ANSI lingo) prepared by Dr. Morrissey of Motorola Wireless for a test procedure to test industrial electronic equipment in the presence of cell-phones. The task of SC-5 will be guided by C63.18 Immunity of Medical Devices. The initial SC-5 members are: Ed Hare, ARRL; Ross Hansen, Retlif; Don Heirman, Don Heirman Consultants; Dan Hoolihan, Hoolihan EMC Consultants; Chrys Chrysanthou, Telecordia; Art Light, ITT; Joe Morrisey, Motorola Wireless; Jeff Silberberg, FDA-CDRH; Bill Scrivner, Southwest Research Institute; and, Keith Peavler, AT&T Wireless.
A task to prepare a new document entitled C63.8 "Compendium of EMC Standards on a Worldwide Basis" was recently approved. This work will be based on the DoD/Industry Document 0178 "Engineering Practice Study: Results of Detailed Comparisons of Individual EMC Requirements and Test Procedures Delineated in Major National and International Commercial Standards with Military Standard MIL-E-461E". The Project is chaired by Herb Mertel with the same members listed for SC-5 above.
(by Chair Don Heirman)
At its March 8, 2001 meeting, SC-1 members approved Galen Koepke’s application for membership. Mr. Koepke of NIST will be participating in three working groups: Project 1-15.7 (FAR), Project 1-15.6 (Antenna Calibrations), and Project 1-
13.2 (Test Site Acceptability Above 1 GHz). Working Group reports discussed at the meeting indicated the following project status:
Project 1-1.1 C63.15 Immunity Measurements: The ballot on C63.15 was sent to twenty people who responded positively to the invitation to ballot. A response is due by April 2. Working Group Chair Steve Bloom noted that work on this document started ten years ago; he personally has been working on it for the past five years. He commented that any new developments happening in Europe are not reflected in the current document and should be considered for the next revision. (The ballot closed in mid April and failed to gain approval. The decision on how to proceed will be made at the July meeting.)
Project 1-8.1 C63.22 Guide for Automated EMI Measurements: Working Group Chair Werner Schaefer reported that Part 1 of the document, which addresses automatic emission measurements only, was submitted for balloting and is now out for re-circulation. Part 2 of this document, which addresses automatic immunity measurements, is the second phase of the work and is the current project activity. Mr. Schaefer will integrate existing material from Windler, Kraft, and Scrivner , with his, into the new document, will identify missing material, and integrate the immunity portion into the automation document.
Project 1-8.3 C63.2 to Include Spectrum Analyzers: Discussion on this project prompted SC-1 to recommend to the parent committee C63 to replace C63.2 with a new document that includes a US forward to CISPR 16, Part 11 related only to spectrum analyzers/receivers. The Working Group will now review CISPR 16-1 in relation to C63.2. In the event there are conflicting specifications between CISPR 16-1 and C63.2, the specifications noted in CISPR 16-1 will take precedence.
Project 1-13.2 C63.4 Site Acceptability Above 1 GHz: Mike Windler, WG Chair, reported that they are still working on determining the method of evaluating site reflections. A formal test plan will be written, reference site measurements will be performed, and test site measurements are expected to be completed by the July SC-1 meeting. (They are looking at the NIST and Liberty Labs OATSs to do this work.) The upper frequency they are targeting is 18 GHz and higher.
Project 1-15.4 C63.16 ESD Standard: The SC-1 Chair noted that this document was completed in draft form (Draft #7) and submitted to C63’s Secretary at the end of September last year. After reviewing the comments since then, the C63.16 ballot was mailed to the balloting group at the end of February this year. Mr. Rhoades, WG Chair, advised that the IEC 61000-4-2 vote closes on March 23 and that all of the activity in C63.16 is also included in 61000-4-2. Mr. Heirman complimented Mr. Rhoades for the work involved in harmonizing these two documents and issuing the C63.16 ballot.
Project 1-15.5 (All C63 Standards) Measurement Uncertainty: Ed Bronaugh, WG Chair, presented the revised outline of “C63 Draft: EMC Measurement Uncertainty” and he reviewed the status of his and Monrad Monsen’s (Vice Chair) work in this area. Several items have been completed. A 21-page document of the completed items will be submitted to SC-1 before submitting it to the parent C63 committee for review and approval before further work is undertaken. The working group effort is now directed to preparing a separate stand-alone document to address measurement uncertainty as opposed to their original plan of writing forwards to add to existing C63 documents.
Project 1-15.6 C63.5 Antenna Calibration: Don Heirman, WG Chair, advised that this group met on Tuesday, March 6 from 1-5 pm. The recently issued C63.5 ballot failed and hence a new balloting group was formed for the new ballot. There were several negative comments and editorial changes that were requested. These were all resolved at the meeting on Tuesday. Their output will be submitted to the IEEE SA balloting Center for the new ballot. The group is now focusing on measurements above 200 MHz since the present draft contained a new model up to 200 MHz. The working group’s activity includes preparation of two test plans. One is for antenna calibration and parameter measurements and the second is for site qualification and Complex Fit Normalized Site Attenuation (CFNSA) validation. The reference for this work is an IEEE 2000 Symposium paper by Chen and Foegelle entitled, “An Improved Method for Determining Normalized Site Attenuation using Log Periodic Dipole Arrays”. CFNSA will be validated on at least two sites. Team members include Michael Foegelle, Michael Howard, and Mike Windler. The ETS and Liberty Labs OATS sites will be used, with the NIST site as a possible additional site to validate the tests. Calibration and pattern measurements will be completed by July 15. Test site measurements will be completed by September 15.
Project 1-15.7 Fully Absorber Lined Room (FAR): Dennis Camell, WG Chair from NIST, advised that a PINS was submitted recently to the secretary of C63 to circulate to C63 for approval. The working group’s objective is to compile a list of previous reports on this topic, determine the use of a FAR, and which standards are applicable. Mr. Camell and working group members are looking at the work conducted by CISPR (reference CISPR/A/300/CD and CISPR/A/301/CD) and CENELEC on this topic. They plan to write a white paper after they have studied the work being done internationally.
Project 1-15.8 Reverberation Chamber EMC Measurement Techniques: The objective of this proposed project is to develop a US ANSI ASC C63 document on reverberation chamber measurement techniques including emissions, immunity, shielding and other applications. This document will be harmonized with the draft of IEC 61000-4-21. This work may also include commenting upon the IEC document. The duration of the work is expected to take place from July 2001 to July 2003. SC-1 approved a motion to request the C63 parent committee to approve this project work per the PINS-C (This is C63’s management tracking system where “C” standard for “committee”) form prepared by Mr. Koepke, WG Chair, and amended by the committee.
C63.4-2002 Revision: Don Heirman, SC-1 Chair, noted that a revision of C63.4-2000 is underway. Comments received on C63.4-2000 will be addressed in the 2002 revision. Mr. Heirman has formed a task group (Project 1-15.8) and has asked Steve Berger to chair this effort. The purpose of their work will be to review the comments on the 2000 document and formulate the proposed revisions to the 2002 document. Jon Casamento, Greg Korytkowksi, Bob Hofmann and Werner Schaefer will be members of this task group.
(by Chair Dan Hoolihan)
Subcommittee 6 of C63 met on March 7, 2001 and there were about 15 members present at the meeting. Highlights of the meeting included the following:
A new Project Initiation Notification System (PINS) will be written by Working Group 1 to publish about 15 detailed checklists as a Recommended Practice. These checklists will include the Basic EMC immunity standards (IEC 61000-4-x) plus several other important EMC standards from the International Special Committee on Radio-Frequency Interference (CISPR).
The Working Group on Personnel Certification has been asked to review and, possibly, revise its charter relative to its mission within C63. Art Light, the Working Group Chair, will review past activities and future needs relative to personnel certification, involvement with the NARTE program of EMC certification, and other associated activities.
The third Working Group reported that the USCEL (US Council of EMC Laboratories) round robin test had run into some problems with its common noise emitter suddenly losing 13 dB of amplitude. Discussions were also held on the possibility of writing a United States version of ISO Guide 43.
Mike Howard, the chair of Working Group #4, initiated and received approval of a PINS on writing a checklist for guidance of assessors who are auditing calibration laboratories for EMC-related equipment and antennas.
A discussion was held on the ACIL Primary Test Method EMC checklist that is going to be used by NVLAP (National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program) for checking out EMC labs. There was still some concerns expressed by several individuals as to the “suitability” of the ACIL checklist.
The second edition of the ISO/IEC Guide 25 Automotive EMC Lab Recognition Program was distributed to the subcommittee prior to the meeting (electronically). It was discussed briefly at the meeting with an extended discussion to be held at a later subcommittee meeting.
Bill Hurst, representing the FCC, reported that 33 Conformity Assessment Bodies had been designated in the USA for the US/EU Mutual Recognition Agreement. Relative to the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperative; Taiwan was moving most quickly into Phase II of the program. The program similar to APEC for South America, CITEL, is picking up momentum with Brazil leading the effort.
Don Heirman spoke about NACLA and the upcoming annual meeting in April. He reiterated the fact that A2LA and NVLAP now accept as equivalent one another’s accreditation because of NACLA. However, if each wishes to use and accept the other’s site and document evaluation during that accreditation processing, this has to be handled under the “subcontracting” clause of each organization’s quality system.
Trace McInturff of A2LA submitted a written report for the meeting. A2LA has 80 EMC labs in their accreditation program. SAR and Bluetooth programs are increasing in number.
(by Chair Dan Hoolihan)
Subcommittee 8 of C63 met on March 7th with 14 members present. Highlights of the meeting included:
Working Group #1 reported that the rewrite of C63.18 – “Recommended Practice for an On-Site, Ad-Hoc Test Method for Estimating Radiated Electromagnetic Immunity of Medical Devices for Specific Radio Frequency Transmitters” is underway. Jeff Silberberg from the FDA reported that the C63.18 document had recently been referenced in three journals or magazines.
It was recommended that a parallel document to C63.18 be developed for Generic Electronic Equipment. This recommendation was forwarded to the parent committee (where it was approved).
A handout was distributed summarizing the progress of Working Group #2 relative to immunity of patient-connected medical devices. The Working Group is planning on publishing a technical report on their results.
Steve Berger reported on progress on C63.19 – “Methods of Measurement of Compatibility between Wireless Communications Devices and Hearing Aids”. The new standard has completed its public review process and is available for distribution from the IEEE. Steve also submitted for approval a proposal to revise the C63.19 standard to include inclusion of a GTEM test method in the body of the standard and to increase the frequencies of interest to cover the third generation cellular phones headed for the marketplace.
Jeff Silberberg reported on progress on the International Medical Device EMC standard, IEC 60601-1-2; it is in the final stages of approval as an international standard (Final Draft International Standard) and it should be out third quarter of this year.
Jon Casamento of the FDA reported that ANSI/AAMI PC69:2000 – “Active Implantable Medical Devices – Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Test Protocols for Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators” was now available to be purchased from the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI).
It was reported that a meeting of the AAMI/EMC Committee would be held in Baltimore on June 13th from 9 am to 5 pm to discuss U.S. deviations to the IEC 60601-1-2 standard.
STATUS OF CISPR A DOCUMENTS Issue 15, 22 April 2001 Compiled by D. Heirman, CISPR A Secretary
| Number | Project No. | Subject | Leader | Status | Comments |
| A/251/CD | CISPR 16-2 Amd.2 | Uniform | Ristig | CD issued as | CD comment period closed on |
| f6 Ed.1.0 | measurement | A/293/CD of 22 | March 23, 2001 | ||
| arrangements | Dec 2000 | ||||
| A/252/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Coupling device | Stecher | CC issued as | CDV delayed to work out issues |
| f9 Ed.2.0 | for measuring | A/258/CC of 17 | with CISPR G ISN needs; second | ||
| signal lines | Dec 1999 | CD sent to Central Office on 15 | |||
| (ISNs) | April 2001 | ||||
| A/259/CDV | CISPR 16-2 | Measurements in | Dunker | RVC issued as | FDIS sent to Central Office on 7 |
| Amd.2 | the presence of | A/284/RVC | January 2001; awaiting issuance | ||
| Ed.1.0 | ambients | Of 17 Nov 2000 | |||
| A/260/CD | CISPR 16-2 | In situ | Dunker | CC issued as | CDV issued as A/295/CDV with |
| Amd.2 f5 | measurements | A/287/CC of 17 | comment closing date of 8 June | ||
| Ed.1.0 | Nov 2000 | 2001 | |||
| A/261/CD | CISPR 16-1 | FAR without | Ristig | CC issued as | Second CD sent to Central Office |
| Amd.1 f1 | ground plane | A/283/CC of 17 | on 5 January 2001 | ||
| Ed.1.0 | Nov 2000 | ||||
| A/262/CD | CISPR 16-2 Amd.2 | Emission | Ristig | CC issued as | Second CD sent to Central Office |
| f4 | measurements in | A/280/CC of 17 | on 6 January 2001 | ||
| Ed.1.0 | FAR | Nov 2000 | |||
| A/263/WG | WG membership | Updated list sent to Central Office | |||
| list | on 24 January 2001; See | ||||
| A/302/WG | |||||
| A/264/DA | St. Petersburg SC | ||||
| A agenda | |||||
| A/265/INF | 61000-4-20 | TEM | Garbe | CD issued as | Comment period closed on 15 Jan |
| measurements (transfer from | A/278/CD of 13 October 2000 | 2001; CC sent to Central Office on 29 March 2001; See A/304/CC; | |||
| 77B/265/CD and | second CD sent to Central Office | ||||
| 77B/279A/CC) | on 22 April 2001 | ||||
| A/266/RVN | 61000-4-21 | Reverberation Measurements (transferred from 77B/260/CD: See also | Hatfield | CD issued as A/285/CD of 17 October 2000 | Comment period closed on 16 Feb 2001: CC under development |
| A/242/NP) | |||||
| A/267/PW | Program of work | Will be updated a month before the | |||
| CISPR meetings in Bristol, UK | |||||
| A/268/CD | CISPR 16-3 Amd.1 f1 Ed.1.0 | Measurement Uncertainty | Hunter | CDV issued as A/291/CDV on 22 December | National committee vote due on May 5, 2001 |
| 2000 | |||||
| A/269/Q | CISPR/TC77B | JTF | Heirman | Results issued | See CISPR/A/277/RQ |
| questionnaire | on 15 Sept | ||||
| A/270/CD | CISPR 16-1 | Monopole | Anderson | CC issued as | CDV issued as A/296/CDV with |
| Amd.1 f10 | Antenna | A/279/CC on | comment closing date of 8 June | ||
| Ed.2.0 | 17 November | 2001 | |||
| A/271/CD | CISPR 16-2 | Automated | Stecher | CC issued as | Second CD to be issued by ad hoc |
| Amd.2 f1 | Emission | A/282/CC on | on or about 15 April 2001 | ||
| Ed.1.0 | Measurements | 17 November | |||
| A/272/CD | CISPR 16-3 | Compliance | Beeckman | CC issued as | Second CD to be issued by ad hoc |
| Amd.1 f2 | Uncertainty | A/281/CC on | on or about 15 April 2001 | ||
| Ed.1.0 | 17 November | ||||
| A/273/CD | CISPR 16-3 | Voltage | Beeckman | CC issued as | CDV issued as A/297/CDV with |
| Amd.1 f4 | uncertainty | A/286/CC on | comment closing date of 8 June | ||
| Ed.1.0 | 17 November | 2001 | |||
| A/274/CD | CISPR 16-1 | Ave. Meas. | Stecher | CC issued as | CDV issued as A/298/CDV with |
| Amd.1 f6 Ed.2.0 | Receivers | A/288/CC on | comment closing date of 8 June | ||
| 17 Nov 2000 | 2001 | ||||
| A/275/WG | CISPR A WG | ||||
| members | |||||
| A/276/RM | Minutes of St. | ||||
| Petersburg Meeting | |||||
| A/277/RQ | Results of | Established that CISPR A manages | |||
| questionnaire on | work; retain 61000-4-20/21 | ||||
| Joint Task Force | numbering | ||||
| A/278/CD | See A/265/CD | Second CD sent to Central Office | |||
| on 22 April 2001 | |||||
| A/279/CC | See A/270/CD | ||||
| A/280/CC | See A/262/CD | ||||
| A/281/CC | See A/272/CD | ||||
| A/282/CC | See A/271/CD | ||||
| A/283/CC | See A/261/CD | ||||
| A/284/RVN | See A/259/CDV | ||||
| A/285/CD | See A/266/RVN | ||||
| A/286/CC | See A/273/CD | ||||
| A/287/CC | See A/260/CD | ||||
| A/288/CC | See A/274/CD | ||||
| A/289/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Balance and | Alexander | CD issued on | National Committee comments |
| f8 Ed.2.0 | cross polar | 22 December | closed on 23 March 2001 | ||
| antenna | 2000 | ||||
| performance |
| A/290/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Capacitive | Amemiya | CD issued on | National Committee comments |
| f4 Ed.2.0 | voltage probes | 22 December | closed on 23 March 2001 | ||
| 2000 | |||||
| A/291/CDV | See A/268/CD | Measurement | Hunter | CDV issued 22 | National Committee Vote due on |
| Uncertainty | December 2000 | 25 May 2001 | |||
| A/292/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Calibration of | Dunker | CD issued on | National Committee comments |
| f3 Ed.2.0 | Absorbing | 22 December | closed on 23 March 2001 | ||
| Clamps | 2000 | ||||
| A/293/CD | See A/251/CD and | Uniform | Ristig | CD issued on | National Committee comments |
| A/257/CC | measurement | 22 December | closed on 23 March 2001 | ||
| arrangements | 2000 | ||||
| A/294/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Disturbance | Steinert | CD issued on | National committee comments |
| f7 Ed.2.0 | Analyzers | 22 December | closed on 23 March 2001 | ||
| 2000 | |||||
| A/295/CDV | See A/260/CD | In situ | Dunker | CD issued on | National CommitteeVote due on 8 |
| measurements | 12 January | June 2001 | |||
| 2001 | |||||
| A/296/CDV | See A/270/CD | Monopole | Anderson | CD issued on | National committee Vote due on 8 |
| Antenna | 12 January | June 2001 | |||
| 2001 | |||||
| A/297/CDV | See A/273/CD | Voltage | Beeckman | CD issued on | National committee Vote due on 8 |
| uncertainty | 12 January | June 2001 | |||
| 2001 | |||||
| A/298/CDV | See A/274/CD | Ave. Meas. | Stecher | CD issued on | National committee Vote due on 8 |
| Receivers | 12 January | June 2001 | |||
| 2001 | |||||
| A/299/CD | CISPR 16-3 | Partial frequency | Dunker | CD issued on | National Committee comments due |
| Amd.1 f5 Ed.1.0 | ranges in | 19 January | on 20 April 2001 | ||
| applying 80/80 | 2001 | ||||
| rule | |||||
| A/300/CD | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | FAR without | Ristig | Second CD | National Committee comments due |
| f1 Ed.2.0 | ground plane | issued on 19 | on 20 April 2001 | ||
| (See A/261) | January 2001 | ||||
| A/301/CD | CISPR 16-2 Amd.2 | FAR | Ristig | Second CD | National Committee comments due |
| f4 Ed.1.0 | measurements | issued on 19 | on 20 April 2001 | ||
| (See A/262) | January 2001 | ||||
| A/302/WG | CISPR A WG | Secretary | Document sent | Document issued on 23 February | |
| members | to Central | 2001 | |||
| Office on 24 | |||||
| January 2001 | |||||
| A/303/CD | CISPR 16-1, | Site validation | Despres | Document sent | National Committee comments due |
| Amd.2 f2 Ed.1.0 | above 1 GHz | to Central | on 25 May 2001 | ||
| Office on 17 | |||||
| February 2001 | |||||
| A/304/CC | 61000-4-20 See A/265/CD | TEM measurements | Garbe | Collection of Comments (A/278/CC) released 7 April 2001 | Second CD to be sent to National Committees on or about 15 April 2001 |
| A/305/INF | G/206&207 | ISN calibration | See A/252/CD replacement, | ||
| cancellation | and | A/3XX/CD, on same subject, soon | |||
| specifications | to be released | ||||
| A/306/DA | Bristol A agenda | ||||
| Not | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Weighting | Stecher | Awaiting German NP | |
| Assigned yet | f12 Ed.2 | functions for | |||
| receivers |
| Not Assigned yet | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 f13 Ed.2 | H-field antenna | Waby | Awaiting CD | |
| Not | CISPR 16-2 Amd.2 | Probability of | Stecher | CD to be drafted | |
| Assigned yet | f7 Ed.1Or | interference from | |||
| CISPR 16-3 Amd.1 | broadband | ||||
| f6 Ed.1 | signals | ||||
| Not | CISPR 16-2 Amd.2 | Conducted | Stecher | CD to be drafted | |
| Assigned yet | f8 Ed.1Or CISPR | emission sources | |||
| 16-3 Amd.1 f7Ed.1 | |||||
| Not | CISPR 16-1 Amd.1 | Amplitude | Shinozuka | Round robin test in progress before | |
| Assigned yet | f5 Ed.2.0 | Probability Distribution | CD can be written; project listed at Stage Zero | ||
| on 31 December 2000; awaiting | |||||
| NP from Japanese NC to reactivate | |||||
| project |
Dr. Ralph M. Showers, Chairman (showers@ee.upenn.edu)
Edwin L. Bronaugh, Vice-Chairman (ed.bronaugh@ieee.org)
Robert Pritchard, Secretary (r.pritchard@ieee.org)
Warren A. Kesselman, Treasurer/Newsletter Editor (w.kesselman@ieee.org)
Donald N. Heirman, Chair SC-1 Techniques and Development (d.heirman@worldnet.att.net)
Dr. J.L.Norman Violette, Chair SC-2 Terms and Definitions (enviolette@msn.com)
Art Wall, Chair SC-3 International Standardization (awall@fcc.gov); John Lichtig, vice chair,
JFL@LichtigEMC.com
Herbert K. Mertel, Chair SC-5 Immunity of Electronic Devices (hmertel@home.com)
Daniel D. Hoolihan, Chair SC-6 Accreditation/Conformity Assessment (hoolihan@emcxpert.com)
Daniel D. Hoolihan, Chair SC-8 Medical Device EMC Test Methods (hoolihan@emcxpert.com)
Pa tricia Gerdon, IEEE C63 Secretariat support (p.gerdon@ieee.org)
after a C63 Committee meeting and is available on the web site http://C63.ieee.org. That site also contains much information about C63 and its subcommittees.
© 2001 ASC C63. Articles may be reproduced in whole or in part provided that the source “ASC C63” and Newsletter edition and date is mentioned in full.